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Maurits Cornelis Escher (Leeuwarden, June 17, 1898 - Hilversum, March 27, 1972) was a Dutch artist, known for his woodcuts, wood engravings and lithographs, in which he often played with mathematical principles. He signed his work with MCE. His engravings often depict impossible constructions, studies of infinity and fitting geometric patterns (divisions) that gradually change into completely different shapes. Some of the well-known scenes he drew were designed around impossible objects such as the Penrose Stairs. It was not until the 1950s that he became more widely recognized as an artist, especially in the US. Crystallographers and mathematicians discovered symmetries and themes from their fields in his work. Escher's graphic work has been used in scientific books and textbooks since 1960. In the 1960s, to his surprise, his work was embraced by hippies and pop stars because of its fantastic parallel worlds.